Ground experiments of Chang’e-5 lunar regolith penetrating radar

The Lunar Regolith Penetrating Radar (LRPR) is an Ultra-Wideband (UWB) array-based Ground penetrating radar (GPR) onboard the lander of Chang’e-5 (CE-5) mission. The primary scientific objectives of the LRPR are to probe the thickness and structure of lunar regolith of the landing site, and support the drilling and sampling process. In order to evaluate the performance of the LRPR, a series of ground experiments are performed using the LRPR prototype mounted on a CE-5 lander model. The performance of the LRPR is evaluated by comparing the experimental data with the simulated data. Data processing and imaging method are verified, and the interferences from the lander and other aspects are analyzed. The results of the ground experiments and simulation demonstrate that the LRPR is able to meet the design requirement of 2-m detection depth. They also indicate that the upper and lower interfaces of the stratified structure in the lunar regolith can be well distinguished by the LRPR when the dielectric constant difference is greater than 0.3, and the imaging effect of the location under the dense antennas is better than that of other positions. However, the identification capability of the LRPR to the independent blocky objects is relatively poor mainly due to the clutters caused by the lander, the sparsity of the antenna elements compared to the size of the basalt block, the limited aperture of the antenna array, and the tail of the transmitted waveform.     

整体壁板三维裂纹应力强度因子计算与分析

近年来,整体壁板成为飞机结构设计上一个新的研究方向。针对典型的飞机整体壁板,应用有限元软件ABAQUS建立了含裂纹整体壁板的参数化模型,对裂纹在凸台和筋条中的扩展轨迹进行三维裂纹扩展模拟。分析了裂纹在扩展过程中,凸台、筋条、蒙皮中裂纹应力强度因子的变化情况以及凸台、筋条的止裂性能。研究结果对整体壁板的损伤容限设计和评定具有一定的指导意义。     

基于星座恢复法降低PAPR的性能分析

提出了一种新的降低峰均功率比(Peak-to-average ratio,PAPR)的方法——星座恢复法.在发送端采用软件削波限幅的方法来降低系统的峰均比,其系统结构简单、且可根据系统的要求灵活地改变PAPR值;在接收端根据调制信号的星座特性恢复出被限幅数据的实际值,从而减小了信号的畸变,提高了系统的误码性能.为了使星座恢复法更具实用性,对其算法进行了简化,从而大大地减少了系统的运算量.理论分析和仿真结果表明:与选择性映射法(Selective mapping,SLM)相比,基于星座恢复法的正交频分复用(Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing,OFDM)系统,其误码性能得到了明显的改善,算法较简单,且无需额外信道来传送附加信息.     

小展弦比飞翼跨声速典型流动特性研究

小展弦比飞翼标模为国内自主设计的融合体飞翼通用研究模型,前缘后掠角为65°,展弦比为1.54。风洞试验结果表明小展弦比飞翼标模在跨声速迎角4°开始出现非线性升力,在迎角12°至16°范围内会出现升力突然下降、俯仰力矩突然上扬的现象。为了分析该现象的机理,通过数值模拟的方法研究了小展弦比飞翼标模在马赫0.9时的流动特性,分析了前缘涡的产生、发展直至破裂的整个过程,结果表明:小展弦比飞翼标模在迎角4°开始出现涡升力;随着迎角增加,前缘涡逐渐向内侧移动,涡强和背风面激波的强度也逐渐增加,前缘涡与激波发生交叉干扰并达到一个平衡流态;当前缘涡与激波无法维持既有平衡时则会发生涡破裂,流场急剧变化以达到新的平衡,从而导致升力突然下降并产生抬头力矩增量。     

小展弦比飞翼布局新型嵌入面航向控制特性研究

在小展弦比飞翼布局机翼外侧上/下表面分别设计了一组中等后掠角嵌入面,并对其跨声速时的航向控制效果及其流动机理进行了风洞试验和数值模拟研究。计算和试验结果表明,上嵌入面可在小迎角范围通过轴向力和侧向力的共同作用提供稳定的偏航力矩,实现航向控制;当α6°时,由于嵌入面逐渐处于前缘涡的影响范围内,在前缘涡的吸力作用下,嵌入面航向控制效果迅速下降,直至失效,且进行航向控制时存在不利的滚转耦合;下嵌入面可在全迎角范围内提供稳定的偏航力矩,实现航向控制;通过在小迎角范围内使用上嵌入面,α6°时使用下嵌入面,不仅可在全迎角实现航向控制,且不影响飞机的隐身性能。     

Characterization of ionospheric amplitude scintillations using wavelet entropy detrended GNSS data

The extensive monitoring networks of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) ionospheric scintillation have been established to continuously log observation data. Further, the amplitude scintillation index and the phase scintillation index, which are derived from scintillation observations, are anticipated to accommodate the accuracy requirement of both the user level and the monitoring station level. However, raw scintillation observations essentially measure superposed waveform impairments of GNSS signals propagating through ionosphere and troposphere. It implies that fluctuations of raw scintillation observations are caused by multiple factors from the entire radio propagation environment. Hence, it is crucial to characterize ionospheric scintillations from GNSS observation data. And the characterization is implemented through extracting fluctuations of raw observations merely induced by ionospheric scintillations. Designed to address this problem by means of Fourier filtering detrending, the present work investigates the influence of varying detrending cutoff frequencies on wavelet statistical energy and wavelet entropy distributions of scintillation data. It consequently derives criteria on the optimum detrending cutoff frequency for three types of raw amplitude scintillation data, which are classified by their wavelet energy distributions. Results of the present work verify that detrending with specific optimum cutoff frequencies rather than the fixed and universally applicable one renders the validity and credibility of characterizing ionospheric scintillations as the part of GNSS observation fluctuations purely induced by ionosphere electron density irregularities whose scale sizes are comparable with or smaller than the Fresnel scale.     

基于层次分析法的飞行模拟训练评价体系设计

为科学完善地描述飞行模拟训练中的应急处置程序,提升飞行员专业驾驶技术水平,本文提出飞行模拟训练评价体系,并通过层次分析法构造3阶判断矩阵,检测矩阵一致性指标为0.037,具有可接受性;并采用关联度进行数据分析量化计算,为飞行训练考核标准奠定理论基础。     

Estimation of ground range on the sweep frequency backscatter leading edge

The high frequency management system with backscatter radar supplies the real time ionosphere channel conditions to high frequency users, which leads to the demand for the ground range between the radar location and the scatters on the distant ground. The ionosphere electron density profile is usually inversed to obtain the ground range. An inversion algorithm, with which the ground range on the leading edge of the backscatter ionograms can be obtained without electron density, is presented in this paper. The ray path geometry of the backscatter sounding and the change in the group path on the leading edge with operating frequency are used to derive the ground range. Synthesized backscatter ionogram and experimental backscatter ionograms are processed to validate the algorithm. The results indicate that the algorithm is usable for high frequency management system.     

Multi-objective Optimization Method for Automatic Drilling and Riveting Sequence Planning

 There are numerous riveting points on the large-sized aircraft panel, irregular row of riveting points on delta wing. It is es-sential to plan the riveting sequence reasonably to improve the efficiency and accuracy of automatic drilling and riveting. Therefore, this article presents a new multi-objective optimization method based on ant colony optimization (ACO). Multi-objective optimization model of automatic drilling and riveting sequence planning is built by expressing the efficiency and accuracy of riveting as functions of the points’ coordinates. In order to search the sequences efficiently and improve the quality of the sequences, a new local pheromone updating rule is applied when the ants search sequences. Pareto dominance is incorporated into the proposed ACO to find out the non-dominated sequences. This method is tested on a hyperbolicity panel model of ARJ21 and the result shows its feasibility and superiority compared with particle swarm optimization (PSO) and ge-netic algorithm (GA).